Generative AI ni iki?

Ikoranabuhanga rya AI rikora ibintu bishya - inyandiko, amashusho, amajwi, videwo, kode, imiterere y'amakuru - hashingiwe ku miterere yizwe mu makuru manini. Aho gushyira ibintu mu byiciro gusa, izi sisitemu zikora umusaruro mushya usa n'ibyo zabonye, ​​nta kuba kopi nyayo. Tekereza: andika paragarafu, shyira ikimenyetso, andika SQL, andika indirimbo. Icyo ni cyo gitekerezo cy'ingenzi. [1]

Ingingo ushobora gukunda gusoma nyuma y'iyi:

🔗 Ni iki gisobanuro cy'ubukorano bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga (AI)
Menya uburyo ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) bukora, bugashyira mu bikorwa kandi bukiga uko igihe kigenda gihita.

🔗 Uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwa AI mu buryo bworoshye ni iki muri iki gihe?
Menya impamvu sisitemu za AI zishobora kwaguka ari ingenzi mu iterambere no kwizerwa.

🔗 Porogaramu ya mudasobwa ya AI ni iki?
Sobanukirwa n'uburyo bwo gukoresha AI bushobora kongera gukoreshwa bwihutisha iterambere no kunoza imikorere.

🔗 Kwiga imashini ugereranije n'ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI): itandukaniro ry'ingenzi ryasobanuwe
Gereranya ibitekerezo bya AI n'ibyo kwigira ku mashini, ubushobozi, n'imikoreshereze y'ibintu nyabyo.

Kuki abantu bakomeza kwibaza bati “Generative AI ni iki?” uko byagenda kose 🙃

Kubera ko bisa n'amayobera. Wandika ubutumwa bugufi, hanyuma hakavamo ikintu cy'ingirakamaro - rimwe na rimwe ni cyiza cyane, rimwe na rimwe kidasanzwe. Ni ubwa mbere porogaramu isa n'aho ikora nk'iy'ibiganiro kandi ifite ubuhanga mu guhanga udushya. Byongeye kandi, ihurirana n'ibikoresho byo gushakisha, abafasha, isesengura, igishushanyo, n'ibikoresho byo guteza imbere, bigabanya ibyiciro kandi, mu by'ukuri, bigakoresha ingengo y'imari.

Ni iki gituma Generative AI iba ingirakamaro ✅

• Umuvuduko wo gusimbuza umupira - biguha umupira wa mbere mwiza vuba cyane.

• Guhuza imiterere - bivanga ibitekerezo ku masoko ushobora kudahuza ku wa mbere mu gitondo.

• Uburyo bworoshye bwo kuganira - ikiganiro, ijwi, amashusho, guhamagara API, porogaramu zikoreshwa mu gushakisha; hitamo inzira yawe.

• Guhindura - kuva ku miterere yoroheje kugeza ku gutunganya neza amakuru yawe bwite.

• Imikorere y’itsinda rigizwe n’ibice byinshi - intambwe z’uruhererekane rw’imirimo y’ibyiciro byinshi nk’ubushakashatsi → imbonerahamwe → umushinga → QA.

• Imikoreshereze y'ibikoresho - moderi nyinshi zishobora kwita ibikoresho byo hanze cyangwa ububiko bw'amakuru hagati mu kiganiro, bityo ntibabitekereza gusa.

• Uburyo bwo guhuza - uburyo nka RLHF bufasha ingero kwitwara neza kandi mu mutekano mu ikoreshwa rya buri munsi. [2]

Reka tuvugishe ukuri: nta na kimwe muri ibi kiyigira umupira w'ikirahure. Bisa n'umunyeshuri w'umuhanga udasinzira kandi rimwe na rimwe agasoma igitabo cy'ibitabo uko biri.

Incamake y'uko ikora 🧩

Moderi zo mu nyandiko zizwi cyane zikoresha transformers - imiterere y’imiyoboro y’ubwonko ikora neza cyane mu kubona isano hagati y’amashusho, bityo ikabasha guhanura ikimenyetso gikurikira mu buryo bwumvikana. Ku mashusho na videwo, moderi zo gukwirakwiza ni nyinshi - ziga gutangirira ku rusaku hanyuma zikarukuraho inshuro nyinshi kugira ngo zigaragaze ishusho cyangwa clip ishoboka. Ibyo ni uburyo bwo koroshya, ariko ni ingirakamaro. [3][4]

• Transformers : ni umuhanga mu rurimi, mu miterere yo gutekereza, no mu mirimo myinshi iyo batojwe muri ubwo buryo. [3]

• Gukwirakwiza : gukomeye ku mashusho agaragara nk'amafoto, imiterere ihoraho, no guhindura ibintu mu buryo bugenzurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushakisha cyangwa udupfukamunwa. [4]

Hariho kandi ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibiryo, uburyo bwo kongera kubikuramo, n'imiterere yihariye - ibiryo biracyari gushyuha cyane.

Imbonerahamwe yo kugereranya: amahitamo azwi cyane yo gukora AI 🗂️

Ntibitunganye nkana - hari utunyangingo dutandukanye cyane kugira ngo duhuze inyandiko z'abaguzi mu buryo bufatika. Ibiciro birahinduka, bityo ubifate nk'uburyo bw'ibiciro , ntabwo ari imibare idahinduka.

Icyitonderwa gito: abacuruzi batandukanye basohora uburyo butandukanye bwo kwirinda, ibiciro ntarengwa, na politiki. Buri gihe reba inyandiko zabo - cyane cyane niba wohereza ku bakiriya.

Munsi y'agapfundikizo: transformateurs mu guhumeka kumwe 🌀

Transformers zikoresha bwo kwita ku bintu kugira ngo zipime ibice by’ingenzi cyane muri buri ntambwe. Aho gusoma uhereye ibumoso ujya iburyo nk'ifi y'izahabu ifite itara, zireba urukurikirane rwose mu buryo bungana kandi ziga imiterere nk'ingingo, imiterere, n'imyandikire. Ubwo buryo bwo guhuza ibintu - hamwe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kubara - bufasha moderi gukura. Niba warigeze kumva ibimenyetso n'amadirishya y'aho ibintu biherereye, niho biba. [3]

Munsi y'agapfundikizo: gukwirakwira mu mwuka umwe 🎨

Imiterere y’urusaku yiga amayeri abiri: kongeramo urusaku ku mashusho atoza, hanyuma uhindure urusaku mu ntambwe nto kugira ngo wongere amashusho nyayo. Mu gihe cyo gukura, batangirana n’urusaku gusa bakarusubiza mu ishusho ihuye bakoresheje uburyo bwo gukuramo urusaku bwigishijwe. Bitangaje nko gushushanya uhereye ku buryo butaziguye - ntabwo ari ikigereranyo cyiza, ariko urabyumva. [4]

Guhuza, umutekano, na "ndakwinginze ntukagire umujura" 🛡️

Kuki bamwe mu banyamideli baganira banga ibyifuzo bimwe na bimwe cyangwa bakabaza ibibazo bisobanutse neza? Igice kinini ni Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) : abantu bapima umusaruro w'ingero, icyitegererezo cy'ibihembo cyiga ibyo bakunda, kandi icyitegererezo cy'ibanze gishyirwaho imbaraga kugira ngo gikore neza kurushaho. Si ukugenzura ubwenge - ni ukuyobora imyitwarire hamwe n'ibitekerezo by'abantu mu buryo burambuye. [2]

Ku birebana n’ibyago by’ikigo, imiterere nka NIST AI Risk Management Framework - na Generative AI Profile - itanga ubuyobozi bwo gusuzuma umutekano, imiyoborere, aho ukomoka, n’igenzura. Niba urimo ubishyira mu bikorwa ku kazi, izi nyandiko ni urutonde rufatika, si inyigisho gusa. [5]

Inkuru yihuse: Mu nama y'igerageza, itsinda ry'abaterankunga ryashyize mu byiciro incamake → gukuramo amashami y'ingenzi → igisubizo cy'umushinga → isuzuma ry'abantu . Uruhererekane ntirwakuyeho abantu; rwafashe ibyemezo byabo vuba kandi bihamye mu bihe bitandukanye.

Aho Generative AI igaragara ugereranije n'aho igwa 🌤️↔️⛈️

Irabagirana kuri:

• Inyandiko za mbere z'ibirimo, inyandiko, amabaruwa, ibisobanuro, n'amashusho

• Incamake y'ibintu birebire utifuzaga gusoma

• Ubufasha mu gukoresha kode no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibicuruzwa

• Guteranya ibitekerezo ku mazina, imiterere, ibizamini, n'ibindi byasabwe

• Ibitekerezo by'ishusho, amashusho n'imibanire, ibishushanyo mbonera by'ibicuruzwa

• Guhuza amakuru yoroheje cyangwa SQL scaffolding

Agwa kuri:

• Ubuziranenge bw'ukuri nta kugaruza cyangwa ibikoresho

• Kubara mu ntambwe nyinshi iyo bitagenzuwe neza

• Inzitizi zihishe mu mategeko, ubuvuzi, cyangwa imari

• Ibibazo by'uburiganya, gusebanya, n'ubumenyi bw'umurizo muremure

• Gukoresha amakuru bwite niba utayashyizeho neza

Ingamba zo kurinda zirafasha, ariko igikorwa gikwiye ni ugushushanya sisitemu : kongeramo uburyo bwo kuyigarura, kuyigenzura, kuyisuzuma n'uburyo bwo kuyigenzura. Birambiranye, yego - ariko birambiranye birahamye.

Uburyo bufatika bwo kuyikoresha uyu munsi 🛠️

• Andika neza, vuba : incamake → kwagura → gukanda → gusiga. Hindura kugeza igihe byumvikana nkawe.

• Ubushakashatsi budafite imyobo y'urukwavu : saba inyandiko y'incamake ifite amasoko, hanyuma ukurikirane inyandiko z'incamake ukunda.

• Ubufasha mu gusesengura : gusobanura imikorere, gutanga ibizamini, kwandika gahunda yo kuvugurura; ntuzigere ushyiraho amabanga.

• Imirimo y'amakuru : gukora skeletons za SQL, regex, cyangwa inyandiko zo ku rwego rw'inkingi.

• Igitekerezo cyo gushushanya : shakisha imiterere y'amashusho, hanyuma uhe umushushanyi kugira ngo arangize.

• Ibikorwa by'abakiriya : gutegura ibisubizo, gutegura imigambi yo kugabanya ibibazo, gushyira mu byiciro ibiganiro kugira ngo bishyikirizwe abandi.

• Igicuruzwa : kora inkuru z'abakoresha, ibisabwa kugira ngo wemerwe, kandi ukope ubwoko butandukanye - hanyuma A/B igerageze ijwi.

Inama: bika ubutumwa bukora neza nk'ingero. Niba ikora rimwe, ishobora kongera gukorana n'udushya duto.

Kwibira mu mazi abira: gusaba ubufasha bitanga umusaruro 🧪

• Tanga imiterere : inshingano, intego, inzitizi, imiterere. Abanyamideli bakunda urutonde rw'ibintu bagomba gukora.

• Ingero nke : harimo ingero 2–3 nziza z'inyongera → umusaruro mwiza.

• Tekereza intambwe ku yindi : saba ibitekerezo cyangwa ibisubizo bigenwa mu byiciro iyo ingorane zikomeje kwiyongera.

• Shyira ijwi ku rindi : shyiramo urugero rugufi rw'ijwi ukunda hanyuma uvuge uti “garagaza ubu buryo.”

• Shyiraho isuzuma : saba icyitegererezo kunenga igisubizo cyacyo ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho, hanyuma ugisubize.

• Koresha ibikoresho : gushakisha, gushakisha kuri interineti, ibyuma bipima, cyangwa API bishobora kugabanya cyane kubona ibintu mu buryo butari bwo. [2]

Niba wibuka ikintu kimwe gusa: kibwire icyo ugomba kwirengagiza . Imbogamizi ni imbaraga.

Amakuru, ubuzima bwite, n'imiyoborere - ibice bidasanzwe 🔒

• Inzira z'amakuru : gusobanura ibyanditse, ibitswe, cyangwa ibyakoreshejwe mu mahugurwa.

• PII & amabanga : komeza kubirinda amakuru keretse iyo imiterere yawe ibyemereye kandi ikabyirinda.

• Uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo abantu binjira : koresha uburyo nk'ububiko bw'amakuru, ntabwo ari ibikinisho.

• Isuzuma : ireme ry'icyitegererezo, uruhande rubogamye, n'ihindagurika; pima ukoresheje imirimo nyayo, ntabwo ari imivugire.

• Guhuza politiki : kugena imiterere y'ibyiciro bya NIST AI RMF kugira ngo utazatungurwa nyuma. [5]

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa Nkunda kubona buri gihe 🙋♀️

Ese ni uguhanga cyangwa ni uguhuza gusa?
Hagati aho. Ihuza imiterere mu buryo bushya - ntabwo ari uguhanga abantu, ahubwo akenshi ni ingirakamaro.

Ese nshobora kwizera ukuri?
Izere ariko urebe neza. Ongeraho uburyo bwo kugarura cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose gikomeye. [2]

Ni gute moderi z'amashusho zigira imiterere ihamye?
Ubuhanga bwihuse hamwe n'ubuhanga nko gutunganya amashusho, adaptateri za LoRA, cyangwa gutunganya neza. Ishingiro ry'amashusho rifasha mu guhuza amashusho, nubwo inyandiko isobanutse neza mu mashusho ishobora guhinduka. [4]

Kuki abahanga mu bya chat "basubiza inyuma" ku bintu bishobora guteza akaga?
Uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu nka RLHF na politiki. Ntabwo ari byiza cyane, ariko burafasha mu buryo buhamye. [2]

Umupaka uri kuzamuka 🔭

• Ibintu byose bifite uburyo bwinshi : uruvange rw'inyandiko, amashusho, amajwi na videwo rudahindagurika.

• Moderi nto kandi zihuta : imiterere myiza y'ibikoresho biri kuri mudasobwa n'ibice byo ku nkengero.

• Imirongo mito y'ibikoresho : imikorere yo guhamagara abakozi, ububiko bw'amakuru, na porogaramu bisa nkaho ari ubusa.

• Inkomoko nziza : gushushanya, ibyangombwa by'ibirimo, n'imiyoboro ishobora gukurikizwa.

• Imiyoborere ikubiye muri : isuzumabumenyi n'inzego z'ubuyobozi zumva nk'ibikoresho bisanzwe by'iterambere. [5]

• Moderi zikozwe mu buryo bwa "domaine-tuned" : imikorere yihariye iruta imvugo rusange ku mirimo myinshi.

Niba wumva ko porogaramu irimo kuba umufatanyabikorwa - icyo ni cyo kibazo.

Igihe kirekire cyane, sinagisomye - Generative AI ni iki? 🧾

Ni umuryango w'amamodeli abyara ibikubiye mu nyandiko bishya aho gusesengura ibikubiye mu nyandiko gusa. Sisitemu z'inyandiko ubusanzwe ni transformers zihanura ibimenyetso; sisitemu nyinshi z'amashusho na videwo ni zo gukwirakwiza zigaragaza urusaku mu buryo butunguranye. Ubona umuvuduko n'ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya, ku giciro cy'ibintu bidafite ishingiro rimwe na rimwe - ushobora kubyihanganira ukoresheje uburyo bwo kubishakisha, ibikoresho, n'uburyo bwo guhuza nka RLHF . Ku matsinda, kurikiza ubuyobozi bufatika nka NIST AI RMF kugira ngo wohereze neza udahagaritse. [3][4][2][5]

Amareferensi

1. IBM - Generative AI ni iki?
   Soma byinshi

2. OpenAI - Guhuza ingero z'indimi hakurikijwe amabwiriza (RLHF)
   soma byinshi

3. Blog ya NVIDIA - Moderi ya Transformer ni iki?
   Soma byinshi

4. Guhoberana mu maso - Imiterere yo gukwirakwiza (Igice cya 1 cy'amasomo)
   soma byinshi

5. NIST - Urwego rw'Imicungire y'Ibibazo bya AI (na Profayiro ya AI ikora)
   soma byinshi

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