Ikoranabuhanga rya AI rikoresha amazi angahe?

Ndahamya ko wumvise byose kuva kuri "AI inywa icupa ry'amazi buri kibazo" kugeza kuri "mu by'ukuri ni uduce duke,". Ukuri ni ukurushaho kuba gusobanutse. Inzira y'amazi ya AI ihinduka cyane bitewe n'aho ikorera, igihe ubutumwa bwawe bumara, n'uburyo ikigo cy'amakuru gikonjesha seriveri zacyo. Rero yego, umubare w'inyuguti urahari, ariko uba mu busitani bwinshi.

Hasi ndasobanura imibare isobanutse neza kandi yiteguye gufata ibyemezo, nsobanura impamvu ibigereranyo bitavugwaho rumwe, kandi ngaragaze uburyo abubatsi n'abakoresha ba buri munsi bashobora kugabanya igiciro cy'amazi batabaye abamonaki bashinzwe kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Ingingo ushobora gukunda gusoma nyuma y'iyi:

🔗 Amakuru ya AI ni iki?
Asobanura uburyo amakuru akoreshwa mu kwigisha imashini no guteza imbere icyitegererezo.

🔗 Uburyo AI ihanura ibipimo
Igaragaza uburyo ubuhanga mu gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) busesengura imiterere kugira ngo buhanure impinduka n'ibizaba mu gihe kizaza.

🔗 Uburyo bwo gupima imikorere ya AI
Isesengura ibipimo by'ingenzi byo gusuzuma ukuri, umuvuduko, n'ubwizerwe.

🔗 Uburyo bwo kuvugana n'ubutasi (AI)
Iyobora ingamba zinoze zo kunoza uburyo ibintu bisobanuka, ibisubizo, no guhuza ibintu.

Ikoranabuhanga rya gihanga rikoresha amazi angahe? Imibare yihuse ushobora gukoresha 📏

• Kuri buri nteruro, intera isanzwe muri iki gihe: kuva kuri mililitiro nto ku nteruro y'inyandiko isanzwe kuri sisitemu imwe isanzwe, kugeza kuri mililitiro icumi ku gisubizo kirekire kandi cyo hejuru ku yindi. Urugero, ibaruramari rya Google ritanga raporo y'interuro y'inyandiko isanzwe ~ 0.26 mL (harimo n'amafaranga yose yo gutanga) [1]. Isuzuma rya Mistral rigaragaza igisubizo cy'ubufasha bwa tokens 400 kuri ~ 45 mL (igisubizo cy'inyuma) [2]. Imiterere n'icyitegererezo bifite akamaro kanini.

• Gutoza icyitegererezo cyo ku rwego rwo hejuru: bishobora kugera kuri litiro za miliyoni , ahanini bivuye mu gukonjesha n'amazi akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi. Isesengura ryavuzwe cyane ryagaragaje ko litiro miliyoni 5.4 zo gutoza icyitegererezo cyo ku rwego rwa GPT, harimo litiro 700.000 zikoreshwa aho hantu mu gukonjesha - kandi ryagaragaje ko gahunda nziza yo kugabanya ubukana bw'amazi [3].

• Ibigo by’amakuru muri rusange: ahantu hanini hagera ku bihumbi amagana bya litiro ku munsi mu bigo bikomeye, aho amashami amwe n’amwe azamuka bitewe n’ikirere n’imiterere yabyo [5].

Reka tuvugishe ukuri: iyo mibare isa n'aho idahuye mu ntangiriro. Ni yo. Kandi hari impamvu zumvikana.

Ibipimo by'ikoreshwa ry'amazi hakoreshejwe ubuhanga bwa AI ✅

Igisubizo cyiza kuri Ni amazi angahe akoreshwa n’ubukorano bw’ubwenge (AI)? Ukwiye gushyira akamenyetso mu dusanduku duke:

1. Ubusobanuro bw'umupaka
   Ese harimo akonjesha ari aho hantu , cyangwa atari aho hantu akoreshwa n'inganda z'amashanyarazi mu kubyara amashanyarazi? Uburyo bwiza butandukanya gukura amazi ugereranije n'ikoreshwa ry'amazi n'ibipimo 1-2-3, bisa n'ibipimo byo kubara karubone [3].

2. Uburyo
   amazi akoreshwa mu gupima aho aherereye Amazi kuri kWh aratandukana bitewe n’akarere n’uruvange rw’amazi, bityo rero uburyo bumwe bushobora kugira ingaruka zitandukanye ku mazi bitewe n’aho atangwa - impamvu nyamukuru inyandiko zisaba ko habaho gahunda ijyanye n’igihe n’ahantu [3].

3. Ubuhanga bw'umutwaro w'akazi
   Ese umubare ugaragaza uburyo bwo gukora ibintu buri hagati , harimo ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu budafite identi n'ubwikorezi bw'amakuru, cyangwa gusa umuvuduko w'amakuru uri hejuru? Google ishimangira ko habazwa uburyo bwose bwo gukora (idle, CPUs/DRAM, n'ubwikorezi bw'amakuru) mu gusobanura, atari imibare ya TPU gusa [1].

4. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha:
   Gukonjesha amazi aturuka mu kirere, gukonjesha amazi afunze, gukonjesha umwuka, n'uburyo bushya mu buryo butaziguye buhindura ubukana bw'amazi cyane. Microsoft irimo gushyira ahagaragara imiterere igamije gukuraho ikoreshwa ry'amazi akonjesha ku mbuga zimwe na zimwe zo mu gihe kizaza [4].

5. Igihe cy'umunsi n'igihe cy'izuba
   Ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n'imiterere y'urusobe rw'amazi bihindura uburyo amazi akoreshwa mu buzima busanzwe; inyigo imwe ikomeye igaragaza ko hagomba gutegurwa imirimo ikomeye igihe n'aho ubushyuhe bw'amazi buba buri hasi [3].

Gukoresha amazi ugereranije n'uko amazi akoreshwa, byasobanuwe 💡

• Gukuramo amazi = amazi yakuwe mu migezi, mu biyaga, cyangwa mu mazi y'amazi (amwe yasubijwe).

• Ikoreshwa = amazi atasubijwe kuko ahinduka umwuka cyangwa ashyirwa mu bikorwa/ibicuruzwa.

Iminara ikonjesha ahanini ikoresha amazi binyuze mu guhumeka. Gutanga amashanyarazi bishobora gukuramo amazi menshi (rimwe na rimwe bigatwara igice cyayo), bitewe n'uburyo bwo gukonjesha uruganda n'uburyo bwo kuyakonjesha. Nimero z'amazi zizewe za AI zigaragaza [3].

Aho amazi ajya mu bwonko bw'ubukorano: indobo eshatu 🪣

1. Igice cya 1 - Gukonjesha aho hantu
   Igice kigaragara: amazi yavuye mu mwuka mu kigo cy’amakuru ubwacyo. Amahitamo y’imiterere nk’iy’umwuka uva mu mwuka cyangwa amazi afunze ashyiraho umurongo ngenderwaho [5].

2. Ingano ya 2 - Gutanga amashanyarazi
   Buri kWh ishobora gutwara agapapuro k'amazi gahishe; uruvange n'aho gaherereye bigena ikimenyetso cya litiro kuri kWh cyerekana ko akazi kawe gahabwa [3].

3. Ingano ya 3 -
   Gukora bikoresha amazi meza cyane mu gukora. Ntuzabibona mu gipimo cya "buri gihe" keretse iyo umupaka urimo ingaruka zigaragara (urugero, LCA yuzuye) [2][3].

Abatanga serivisi hakurikijwe imibare, bafite ubusobanuro 🧮

• Google Gemini ishyiraho
  uburyo bwo gutanga ibikoresho byose (harimo no gukora ibintu bidafite ideri n'ubwikorezi). Incamake y'inyandiko ikoreshwa ~ 0.26 mL y'amazi hamwe ~ 0.24 Wh ; imibare igaragaza urujya n'uruza rw'umusaruro n'imbibi zuzuye [1].

• Ingano y'ubuzima bwa Mistral Large 2
  LCA idakunze kwigenga (ifite ADEME / Carbone 4) igaragaza ~ 281.000 m³ yo gutozwa + ikoreshwa hakiri kare n'igisubizo cy'umukozi 400 -token [2].

• Intego ya Microsoft yo gukonjesha amazi nta mazi.
  Ibigo by'amakuru bya Next-gen byagenewe gukoresha amazi nta mazi mu gukonjesha , bishingiye ku buryo bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ritaziguye; ikoreshwa rya admin riracyasaba amazi [4].

• Igipimo rusange cy’ikigo cy’amakuru
  Abakora cyane batangaza ku mugaragaro litiro ibihumbi amagana ku munsi ku mbuga zitandukanye; ikirere n’imiterere y’aho biherereye bitera imibare izamuka cyangwa igabanuka [5].

• Ishingiro rya mbere ry’ubushakashatsi
  Isesengura ry’ingenzi rya “AI ifite inyota” ryagaragaje litiro za miriyoni zo gutoza ingero za GPT, kandi ko ibisubizo biri hagati ya 10 na 50 bishobora kungana mL 500 - bitewe cyane n’igihe/aho bikorerwa [3].

Kuki ibigereranyo bitavuga rumwe cyane 🤷

• Imbibi zitandukanye
  Hari imibare ibara gusa aho ibintu bikonjeshwa ; indi yongeraho amazi y'amashanyarazi ; LCA zishobora kongeramo ikorwa ry'ibiceri . Amapome, amacunga, na salade y'imbuto [2][3].

• Imirimo itandukanye.
  Ubutumwa bugufi bwo kwandika ntabwo ari uburyo burebure bwo gukoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo kwandika (multimodal/code); uburyo bwo gukusanya, guhuza, no gutinda guhindura ikoreshwa [1][2].

• Imiterere n'imiyoboro itandukanye
  Gukonjesha kw'amazi mu gace gashyushye kandi k'umukungugu ≠ gukonjesha umwuka/amazi mu gace gakonje kandi gatose. Uburemere bw'amazi mu miyoboro buratandukanye cyane [3].

• Uburyo bw'abacuruzi
  Google yasohoye uburyo bwo gutanga serivisi muri sisitemu yose; Mistral yasohoye LCA yemewe. Izindi zitanga ingero z'amanota zifite uburyo buke. Ikirego cyo ku rwego rwo hejuru cya "kimwe cya cumi na gatanu cy'ikiyiko" cyavuzwe ku makuru - ariko nta makuru arambuye, ntabwo bigereranywa [1][3].

• Intego igenda
  ihinduka. Ubukonje burimo gutera imbere vuba. Microsoft irimo gukora igerageza ryo gukonjesha ahantu hamwe na hamwe hatarimo amazi ; kuzikoresha bizagabanya amazi aho hantu nubwo amashanyarazi yo hejuru yaba afite ikimenyetso cy'amazi [4].

Icyo wakora uyu munsi kugira ngo ugabanye ubukana bw'amazi ya AI 🌱

1. Icyitegererezo cy'ingano igororotse Icyitegererezo
   gito, gikozwe mu buryo bw'akazi, gikunze guhuza neza mu gihe gikoresha imibare mike. Isuzuma rya Mistral rishimangira isano ikomeye hagati y'ingano n'ikirenge - kandi rigatangaza imibare y'ishingiro kugira ngo ushobore gutekereza ku mpinduka [2].

2. Hitamo uturere dukoresha amazi
   Hitamo uturere dufite ikirere gikonje, ubukonje bunoze, n'imiyoboro ifite ubukana buke bw'amazi kuri kWh; akazi ka "AI inyotewe" kagaragaza ko ijyanye n'igihe n'ahantu ifasha [3].

3. Guhindura imirimo mu gihe
   Teganya amahugurwa/gusuzuma amasaha menshi mu gihe cy'amasaha yo gukoresha amazi neza (ijoro rikonje, imiterere myiza y'urusobe rw'amazi) [3].

4. Baza umucuruzi wawe ibipimo bisobanutse neza
   Saba amazi ako kanya , ibisobanuro by'imipaka, kandi niba imibare irimo ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bitari ngombwa n'amafaranga y'inyubako. Amatsinda ya politiki arimo gushishikariza gutangaza amakuru kugira ngo habeho kugereranya pome na pome [3].

5. Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha ni ingenzi
   Niba ukoresha ibikoresho, suzuma uburyo bwo gukonjesha bukorwa mu buryo bufunze/butaziguye ; niba uri kuri cloud, hitamo uturere/abatanga serivisi bashora imari mu miterere y'urumuri rw'amazi [4][5].

6. Koresha amahitamo yo gukoresha amazi mabi kandi ukoreshe amazi asanzwe.
   Amashuri menshi ashobora gusimbuza amasoko adakoreshwa cyangwa agakoreshwa mu buryo bwo kongera gukoresha amazi mu buryo bunyuranye; abakora mu bigo binini basobanura kuringaniza amasoko y'amazi n'amahitamo yo gukonjesha kugira ngo bagabanye ingaruka mbi [5].

Urugero rwihuse rwo kubikora nk'ukuri (si itegeko rusange): kwimura akazi ko guhugura nijoro ukava mu gace gashyushye kandi kumutse mu mpeshyi ukajya mu gace gakonje kandi gafite ubushuhe bwinshi mu mpeshyi - no kugakora mu masaha atari ay'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi akonje - bishobora guhindura ikoreshwa ry'amazi aho ari aho ari hanze y'aho ari (urusobe rw'amazi). Ubwo ni bwo buryo bwo gutsinda bufatika kandi budakomeye bushobora gutuma habaho [3].

Imbonerahamwe yo kugereranya: guhitamo byihuse kugira ngo ugabanye umubare w'amazi ya AI 🧰

(“Igiciro” ni gito ukurikije imiterere - uburyo bwo gukoresha ibintu buratandukanye.)

Kwibira mu buryo bwimbitse: umuvuduko w'ingoma uri kwiyongera cyane 🥁

Inzego z’ubwubatsi zisaba ko habaho gutangaza ingufu n’amazi ku kigo cy’amakuru kugira ngo abaguzi n’abaturage bashobore gupima ikiguzi n’inyungu. Inama zirimo ibisobanuro by’aho ibintu biherereye, gutanga raporo ku rwego rw’aho hantu, n’ubuyobozi bw’aho hantu haherereye - kuko tudakoresheje ibipimo bisa kandi bizwi ku hantu, tuba turimo impaka mu mwijima [3].

Kwibira mu mazi: ibigo by'amakuru ntibinywa kimwe 🚰

Hari umugani uhoraho uvuga ko “gukonjesha umwuka nta mazi bikoresha.” Ntabwo ari byo rwose. Sisitemu zikoresha umwuka mwinshi akenshi zikenera amashanyarazi menshi , mu turere twinshi zitwara amazi yihishe mu muyoboro w’amazi; ku rundi ruhande, gukonjesha amazi bishobora kugabanya ingufu n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku giciro cy’amazi ari aho hantu. Abakora ibikorwa binini bahuza neza ibi bikorwa by’ubucuruzi aho hantu [1][5].

Kwinjira mu buryo bwimbitse: igenzura ryihuse ry'ukuri ku bivugwa kuri virusi 🧪

Ushobora kuba warabonye amagambo akomeye avuga ko igitekerezo kimwe kingana n'"icupa ry'amazi," cyangwa, ku rundi ruhande, "udutonyanga duke gusa." Uburyo bwiza bwo kwifata: kwicisha bugufi hamwe n'imibare . Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi by'uyu munsi ni ~ 0.26 mL ku gipimo cy'umusaruro uciriritse hamwe n'ikiguzi cyuzuye cyo gutanga [1] na ~ 45 mL '"icya cumi na gatanu cy'ikiyiko" gihuriweho cyane kidafite umupaka/uburyo bwa rubanda; gifate nk'iteganyagihe ritari mu mujyi [1][3].

Bika Bito Bikunze Kubazwa: Ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina bukoresha amazi angahe? na none, mu Cyongereza cyumvikana 🗣️

• None se, navuga iki mu nama?
  “Kuri buri kanya, biva ku bitonyanga kugeza ku gutonyanga bike , bitewe n'icyitegererezo, uburebure, n'aho binyura. Imyitozo isaba pisine , ntabwo ari ibidendezi.” Noneho tanga urugero rumwe cyangwa ebyiri haruguru.

• Ese ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) ni bubi cyane?
  Ni ikintu cyihariye : uduce duto cyane dupakiye hamwe dutuma habaho gukonjesha gukomeye. Ariko kandi ahantu ho kubika amakuru niho ikoranabuhanga ryiza cyane rikunze kubanza kugera [1][4].

• Bite se turamutse twimuriye ibintu byose mu gukonjesha umwuka?
  Ushobora kugabanya yo mu gace ariko wongera yo hanze y’aho ukorera ukoresheje amashanyarazi. Abakora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bapima byombi [1][5].

• Bite se ku ikoranabuhanga ry’ejo hazaza?
  Imiterere irinda gukonjesha amazi ku rugero rwagutse yaba impinduka ikomeye kuri Scope 1. Bamwe mu bakoresha barimo kugenda muri ubu buryo; amashanyarazi yo hejuru aracyafite ikimenyetso cy’amazi kugeza igihe imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ihindukiye [4].

Amagambo ya nyuma - Ndamaze igihe kirekire cyane, sinayasomye 🌊

• Kuri buri nteruro: tekereza kuri mililitiro nto kugeza kuri mililitiro icumi , bitewe n'icyitegererezo, uburebure bw'interuro, n'aho ikorera. Interineti y'interuro ~0.26 mL kuri stack imwe nini; ~45 mL ku gisubizo cya 400-token kuri indi [1][2].

• Amahugurwa: litiro za miriyoni ku bikoresho byo mu nkengero z'ubutaka, bituma gahunda, aho ibintu bibera, n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukonjesha biba ingenzi cyane [3].

• Icyo gukora: imiterere y’ubunini bukwiye, guhitamo uturere dukoresha amazi, guhindura imirimo ikomeye ukayishyira mu masaha y’ubukonje, guhitamo abacuruzi bagaragaza imiterere y’amazi, no gusaba imipaka igaragara [1][3][4][5].

Imvugo y'ikigereranyo ifite inenge gato: AI ni orchestre ifite inyota - indirimbo ni ukubara, ariko ingoma zirakonjesha kandi zirimo amazi. Hindura itsinda, maze abari aho bagakomeza kubona umuziki nta majwi asohoka. 🎻💦

Amareferensi

1. Blog ya Google Cloud - Ingufu zingana iki Google's AI ikoresha? Twakoze imibare (uburyo + ~0.26 mL median prompt, full serving overhead). Link
   (Inyandiko ya tekiniki PDF: Gupima ingaruka ku bidukikije zo gutanga AI ku gipimo cya Google .) Link

2. Mistral AI - Umusanzu wacu ku gipimo mpuzamahanga cy’ibidukikije kuri AI (LCA hamwe na ADEME / Carbone 4; ~ 281.000 m³ imyitozo + ikoreshwa hakiri kare; ~45 mL kuri buri 400-token , inference marginal).

3. Li n'abandi - Gutuma AI igabanuka "inyota": Guhishura no gukemura ikibazo cy'ibanga ry'amazi y'ibishushanyo mbonera bya AI ( gutoza litiro za miriyoni , yo kumenya igihe n'aho umuntu akorera , kubikuza ugereranyije no kubikoresha).

4. Microsoft - Ibigo bishya by’ikoranabuhanga bikoresha amazi ntayo bikoresha mu gukonjesha hatarimo amazi).

5. Data Centers - Ikora mu buryo burambye (guhuza ibikorwa byo gukonjesha urubuga ku rundi; gutanga raporo no kongera gukoresha, harimo n'ibyasubijwemo/byakuwemo amazi; ikoreshwa risanzwe rya buri munsi ku rwego rw'urubuga).

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